Tupac Amaru Shakur (/tuːpɑːk ˈəmɑːruː ʃəkʊər/ TWO-pahk ə-MAH-roo shə-KORE; June 16, 1971 - September 13, 1996), also known by his stage names 2Pac and Makaveli, was an American rapper and actor. He is regarded as one of the most influential rappers of all time, and has released four studio albums in his lifetime. His music includes themes of police brutality, teenage pregnancy, poverty, and systemic oppression. Along with music, his breakthrough role in acting was Juice (1992), where he portrayed Roland Bishop, a volatile and violent young man who spirals down into a path of self-destruction. His performance has been praised in retrospective reviews.
Tupac Shakur was born Lesane Parish Crooks on June 16, 1971, in Upper Manhattan, New York City. His mother renamed him Tupac Amaru Shakur—after the descendant of the last Incan ruler, Túpac Amaru II—at age one. His parents Afeni Shakur and Billy Garland split when he was young, causing him to be raised by his mother. Afeni was an activist and a member of the Black Panther Party. She explained the meaning behind Tupac's name, "I wanted him to have the name of revolutionary, Indigenous people in the world. I wanted him to know he was part of a world culture and not just from a neighborhood."[1]